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good many prostitutes。 The men who come to him are workmen who pretend
to have arsouillé109 in the Revolution and who are ready to repeat
the job； provided it is for the purpose of killing those rich rascals；
the monopolizers； merchants； informers； and panachés at the
Luxembourg。〃 （Letter of the agent of the Bonne…Nouvelle section； April
13； 1796。）
＇110＇ The proportion； composition and spirit of the party are
everywhere the same； especially at Lyons （Guillon de Montléon；
〃Mémoires；〃 and Balleydier； 〃Histoire du peuple de Lyon；〃。 passim）； at
Toulon （Lauvergne； 〃Histoire du department du Var〃）； at Marseilles；
Bordeaux； Toulouse； Strasbourg； Besan？on； etc。 At Bordeaux
（Riouffe； 〃Mémoires；〃 23） 〃it consisted wholly of vagabonds；
Savoyards； Biscayans； even Germans； 。 。brokers； and water…carriers；
who had become so powerful that they arrested the rich； and so well…
off that they traveled by post〃 Riouffe adds： 〃When I read this
passage in the Conciergerie men from every corner of the republic
exclaimed in one voice： 'It is the same in all the communes！'〃 Cf。
Durand…Maillane； 〃Mémoires；〃 67： 〃This people； thus qualified； since
the suppression of the silver marc has been the most vicious and most
depraved in the community。〃 … Dumouriez； II。 51。 〃The Jacobins； taken
for the most part； from the most abject and most brutal of the nation；
unable to furnish men of sufficient dignity for offices； have degraded
offices to their own level。 。 。 They are drunken； barbarous Helots
that have taken the places of the Spartans。〃 The sign of their
advent is the expulsion of the liberals and of the refined of 1789。
（〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 4434； No。6。 Letter of Richard to the
committee on Public Safety； Vent？se 3； year II。）。 During the
proconsulate of Baudot at Toulouse 〃almost all the patriots of 1789
were excluded from the popular club they had founded； an immense
number were admitted whose patriotism reached only as far back as the
10th of August 1792； if it even went so far as the 31st of last May。
It is an established fact that out of more than 1；000 persons who now
compose the club there are not fifty whose patriotism as far back as
the beginning of the Revolution。〃
＇111＇ Any tribune taking command of a mob of brutes is well advised
to understand Taine's analysis。 One might think Hitler had read Taine
pr somebody who had learned from his wisdom； somewhat like the Devil
who had read the Bible。 See page 208； The Secret of Ruling the Masses；
in Rauschning's book； 〃Hitler Speaks〃。 （SR）。
＇112＇ R？derer； 〃Chronique des cinquante jours。〃
＇113＇ Schmidt； I。 246 （Dutard； May 18）。
＇114＇ Schmidt； I。 215 （Dutard； May 25）。
＇115＇ Buchez et Roux； XXV。 156 （extract from the Patriote Fran？ais；
March 30； 1793）。Speech by Chasles at the Jacobin Club； March 27： 〃We
have announced to our fellow…citizens in the country that by means of
the war…tax the poor could be fed by the rich； and that they would
find in the purses of those egoists the wherewithal to live on。〃
Ibid。； 269。 Speech by Rose Lacombe： 〃Let us make sure of the
aristocrats； let us force them to meet the enemies which Dumouriez is
bringing against Paris。 Let us give them to understand that if they
prove treacherous their wives and children shall have their throats
cut； and that we will burn their houses。 。 I do not want patriots to
leave the city； I want them to guard Paris。 And if we are beaten； the
first man who hesitates to apply the torch； let him be stabbed at
once。 I want all the owners of property who have grabbed everything
and excited the people's anger； to kill the tyrants themselves or else
be killed。〃 ＇Applause April 3。＇ … Ibid。； 302 （in the Convention；
April 8）： 〃Marat demands that 100；000 relatives and friends of the
émigrés be seized as hostages for the safety of the commissioners in
the hands of the enemy。〃 Cf。 Balleydier； 117； 122。 At Lyons； Jan。
26； 1793； Challier addresses the central club： 〃Sans…culottes；
rejoice！ the blood of the royal tiger has flowed in sight of his den！
But full justice is not yet done to the people There are still 500
among you deserving of the tyrant's fate！ 〃 He proposes on the 5th
of February a revolutionary tribunal for trying arrested persons in a
revolutionary manner。 〃It is the only way to force it （the Revolution）
on royal and aristocratic factionists； the only rational way to avenge
the sovereignty of the brave sans…culottes； who belong only to us。〃 …
… Hydens； a national commissioner adds： 〃Let 25；000；000 of Frenchmen
perish a hundred times over rather than one single indivisible
Republic！〃
＇116＇ Mallet du Pan； the last expression。
＇117＇ Buzot； 64。
＇118＇ Michelet； IV。 6 （according to an oral statement by Daunou）。
Buchez et Roux； 101 （Letter of Louvet to Roland）： 〃At the moment of
the presentation of their petition against armed force （departmental）
by the so…called commissioners of the 48 sections of Paris； I heard
Santerre say in a loud tone to those around him； somewhat in these
words： 'You see； now； these deputies are not up to the Revolution。 。 。
That all comes from fifty； a hundred two hundred leagues off； they
don't understand one word you say！'〃
CHAPTER IV。
PRECARIOUS SITUATION OF A CENTRAL GOVERNMENT LOCKED UP WITHIN A LOCAL
JURISDICTION。
〃Citizen Danton；〃 wrote the deputy Thomas Paine；＇1＇ 〃the danger；
every day increasing； is of a rupture between Paris and departments。
The departments did not send their deputies to Paris to be insulted；
and every insult shown to them is an insult to the department that
elected them。 I see but one effective plan to prevent this rupture
taking place； and that is to fix the residence of the Convention and
of the future assemblies at a distance from Paris。 。 。 。 I saw； during
the American Revolution； the exceeding inconvenience that arose from
having the government of Congress within the limits of any municipal
jurisdiction。 Congress first resided in Philadelphia； and； after a
residence of four years； it found it necessary to leave it。 It then
adjourned to the State of Jersey。 It afterwards removed to New York。
It again removed from New York to Philadelphia； and； after
experiencing in every one of these places the great inconvenience of a
government within a government； it formed the project of building a
town not within the limits of any municipal jurisdiction for the
future residence of Congress。 In every one of the places where
Congress resided； the municipal authority privately or publicly
opposed itself to the authority of Congress； and the people of each of
those places expected more attention from Congress than their equal
share with the other States amounted to。 The same thing now takes
place in France； but in a greater excess。〃
Danton knew all this； and he is sufficiently clear…headed to
comprehend the danger； but the furrow is laid out； traced； and by
himself。 Since the 10th of August Paris holds France down while a
handful of revolutionaries tyrannize Paris。＇2＇
I。
Jacobin advantages。 Their sway in the section assemblies。
Maintenance； re…election and completion of the Commune。 Its new
chiefs； Chaumette； Hébert and Pache。 The National Guard recast。
Jacobins elected officers and sub…officers。 The paid band of roughs。
Public and secret funds of the party。
Owing to the composition and the holding of the section assemblies；
the original source of power has remained Jacobin； and has become of
a darker and darker hue； accordingly； the electoral processes which；
under the legislative body； had fashioned the usurping Commune of the
10th of August； are perpetuated and aggravated under the
Convention。＇3＇ 〃In nearly all the sections＇4＇ it is the sans…culottes
who occupy the chair； arrange things inside the chamber； place the
sentinels and provide the censors and auditors。 Five or six spies；
familiar with the section； and paid forty sous a day； remain