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garded Christ as a rebel against Jehovah and a rescuer of humanity from him； just as Prometheus was a rebel against Jove。 These beliefs survived for a thousand years tbroughout Christendom： they were held by a great multitude of persecuted sects； from the Albigenses and Cathars to the eastern Paulicians。 The catholic church found it necessary to prohibit the circulation of the Old Testament among laymen very largely on account of the polemics of the Cathars against the Hebrew God。 But in this book； be it noted； the word Christian； when it is not otherwise defined； is used to indicate only the Trinitarians who accept the official creeds。 It is a human paradox that the desire for seemliness； the instinct for restraints and fair disciplines； and the impulse to cherish sweet familiar things； that these things of the True God should so readily liberate cruelty and tyranny。 It is like a woman going with a light to tend and protect her sleeping child； and setting the house on fire。 None the less； right down to to…day； the heresy of God the Revengeful； God the Persecutor and Avenger； haunts religion。 It is only in quite recent years that the growing gentleness of everyday life has begun to make men a little ashamed of a Deity less tolerant and gentle than themselves。 The recent literature of the Anglicans abounds in the evidence of this trouble。 Bishop Colenso of Natal was prosecuted and condemned in 1863 for denying the irascibility of his God and teaching 〃the Kaffirs of Natal〃 the dangerous heresy that God is all mercy。 〃We cannot allow it to be said；〃 the Dean of Cape Town insisted； 〃that God was not angry and was not appeased by punishment。〃 He was angry 〃on account of Sin； which is a great evil and a great insult to His Majesty。〃 The case of the Rev。 Charles Voysey； which occurred in 1870； was a second assertion of the Church's insistence upon the fierceness of her God。 This case is not to be found in the ordinary church histories nor is it even mentioned in the latest edition of the ENCYCLOPAEDIA BRITANNICA； nevertheless it appears to have been a very illuminating case。 It is doubtful if the church would prosecute or condemn either Bishop Colenso or Mr。 Voysey to…day。
7。 GOD AND THE NURSERY…MAID
Closely related to the Heresy of God the Avenger； is that kind of miniature God the Avenger； to whom the nursery…maid and the overtaxed parent are so apt to appeal。 You stab your children with such a God and he poisons all their lives。 For many of us the word 〃God〃 first came into our lives to denote a wanton； irrational restraint； as Bogey； as the All…Seeing and quite ungenerous Eye。 God Bogey is a great convenience to the nursery…maid who wants to leave Fear to mind her charges and enforce her disciplines； while she goes off upon her own aims。 But indeed； the teaching of God Bogey is an outrage upon the soul of a child scarcely less dreadful than an indecent assault。 The reason rebels and is crushed under this horrible and pursuing suggestion。 Many minds never rise again from their injury。 They remain for the rest of life spiritually crippled and debased； haunted by a fear； stained with a persuasion of relentless cruelty in the ultimate cause of all things。 I； who write； was so set against God； thus rendered。 He and his Hell were the nightmare of my childhood； I hated him while I still believed in him； and who could help but hate？ I thought of him as a fantastic monster； perpetually spying； perpetually listening； perpetually waiting to condemn and to 〃strike me dead〃； his flames as ready as a grill…room fire。 He was over me and about my feebleness and silliness and forgetfulness as the sky and sea would be about a child drowning in mid…Atlantic。 When I was still only a child of thirteen； by the grace of the true God in me； I flung this Lie out of my mind； and for many years； until I came to see that God himself had done this thing for me； the name of God meant nothing to me but the hideous scar in my heart where a fearful demon had been。 I see about me to…day many dreadful moral and mental cripples with this bogey God of the nursery…maid； with his black； insane revenges； still living like a horrible parasite in their hearts in the place where God should be。 They are afraid； afraid； afraid； they dare not be kindly to formal sinners； they dare not abandon a hundred foolish observances； they dare not look at the causes of things。 They are afraid of sunshine； of nakedness； of health； of adventure； of science； lest that old watching spider take offence。 The voice of the true God whispers in their hearts； echoes in speech and writing； but they avert themselves； fear…driven。 For the true God has no lash of fear。 And how the foul…minded bigot； with his ill…shaven face； his greasy skin； his thick； gesticulating hands； his bellowings and threatenings； loves to reap this harvest of fear the ignorant cunning of the nursery girl has sown for him！ How he loves the importance of denunciation； and； himself a malignant cripple； to rally the company of these crippled souls to persecute and destroy the happy children of God！ 。 。 。 Christian priestcraft turns a dreadful face to children。 There is a real wickedness of the priest that is different from other wickedness； and that affects a reasonable mind just as cruelty and strange perversions of instinct affect it。 Let a former Archbishop of Canterbury speak for me。 This that follows is the account given by Archbishop Tait in a debate in the Upper House of Convocation （July 3rd； 1877） of one of the publications of a certain SOCIETY OF THE HOLY CROSS：
〃I take this book； as its contents show； to be meant for the instruction of very young children。 I find； in one of the pages of it； the statement that between the ages of six and six and a half years would be the proper time for the inculcation of the teaching which is to be found in the book。 Now； six to six and a half is certainly a very tender age； and to these children I find these statements addressed in the book：
〃'It is to the priest； and to the priest only； that the child must acknowledge his sins； if he desires that God should forgive him。'
〃I hope and trust the person； the three clergymen； or however many there were； did not exactly realise what they were writing； that they did not mean to say that a child was not to confess its sins to God direct； that it was not to confess its sins； at the age of six； to its mother； or to its father； but was only to have recourse to the priest。 But the words； to say the least of them； are rash。 Then comes the very obvious question：
〃'Do you know why？ It is because God； when he was on earth； gave to his priests； and to them alone； the Divine Power of forgiving men their sins。 It was to priests alone that Jesus said： 〃Receive ye the Holy Ghost。〃 。 。 。 Those who will not confess will not be cured。 Sin is a terrible sickness； and casts souls into hell。'
〃That is addressed to a child six years of age。
〃'I have known；' the book continues； 'poor children who concealed their sins in confession for years； they were very unhappy； were tormented with remorse； and if they had died in that state they would certainly have gone to the everlasting fires of hell。'〃 。 。 。
Now here is something against nature； something that I have seen time after time in the faces and bearing of priests and heard in their preaching。 It is a distinct lust。 Much nobility and devotion there are among priests； saintly lives and kindly lives； lives of real worship； lives no man may better； this that I write is not of all； perhaps not of many priests。 But there has been in all ages that have known sacerdotalism this terrible type of the priest； priestcraft and priestly power release an aggressive and narrow disposition to a recklessness of suffering and a hatred of liberty that surely exceeds the badness of any other sort of men。
8。 THE CHILDREN'S GOD
Children do not naturally love God。 They have no great capacity for an idea so subtle and mature as the idea of God。 While they are still children in a home and cared for； life is too kind and easy for them to feel any great need