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Confessio Amantis
or
Tales of the Seven Deadly Sins
By John Gower； 1330…1408 A。D。
Prologus
Torpor； ebes sensus； scola parua labor minimusque
Causant quo minimus ipse minora canam：
Qua tamen Engisti lingua canit Insula Bruti
Anglica Carmente metra iuuante loquar。
Ossibus ergo carens que conterit ossa loquelis
Absit； et interpres stet procul oro malus。
Of hem that writen ous tofore
The bokes duelle； and we therfore
Ben tawht of that was write tho：
Forthi good is that we also
In oure tyme among ous hiere
Do wryte of newe som matiere；
Essampled of these olde wyse
So that it myhte in such a wyse；
Whan we ben dede and elleswhere；
Beleve to the worldes eere 10
In tyme comende after this。
Bot for men sein； and soth it is；
That who that al of wisdom writ
It dulleth ofte a mannes wit
To him that schal it aldai rede；
For thilke cause； if that ye rede；
I wolde go the middel weie
And wryte a bok betwen the tweie；
Somwhat of lust； somewhat of lore；
That of the lasse or of the more 20
Som man mai lyke of that I wryte：
And for that fewe men endite
In oure englissh； I thenke make
A bok for Engelondes sake；
The yer sextenthe of kyng Richard。
What schal befalle hierafterward
God wot； for now upon this tyde
Men se the world on every syde
In sondry wyse so diversed；
That it welnyh stant al reversed； 30
As forto speke of tyme ago。
The cause whi it changeth so
It needeth nought to specifie；
The thing so open is at ije
That every man it mai beholde：
And natheles be daies olde；
Whan that the bokes weren levere；
Wrytinge was beloved evere
Of hem that weren vertuous；
For hier in erthe amonges ous； 40
If noman write hou that it stode；
The pris of hem that weren goode
Scholde； as who seith； a gret partie
Be lost： so for to magnifie
The worthi princes that tho were；
The bokes schewen hiere and there；
Wherof the world ensampled is；
And tho that deden thanne amis
Thurgh tirannie and crualte；
Right as thei stoden in degre； 50
So was the wrytinge of here werk。
Thus I； which am a burel clerk；
Purpose forto wryte a bok
After the world that whilom tok
Long tyme in olde daies passed：
Bot for men sein it is now lassed；
In worse plit than it was tho；
I thenke forto touche also
The world which neweth every dai；
So as I can； so as I mai。 60
Thogh I seknesse have upon honde
And longe have had； yit woll I fonde
To wryte and do my bisinesse；
That in som part； so as I gesse；
The wyse man mai ben avised。
For this prologe is so assised
That it to wisdom al belongeth：
What wysman that it underfongeth；
He schal drawe into remembrance
The fortune of this worldes chance； 70
The which noman in his persone
Mai knowe； bot the god al one。
Whan the prologe is so despended；
This bok schal afterward ben ended
Of love； which doth many a wonder
And many a wys man hath put under。
And in this wyse I thenke trete
Towardes hem that now be grete；
Betwen the vertu and the vice
Which longeth unto this office。 80
Bot for my wittes ben to smale
To tellen every man his tale；
This bok； upon amendment
To stonde at his commandement；
With whom myn herte is of accord；
I sende unto myn oghne lord；
Which of Lancastre is Henri named：
The hyhe god him hath proclamed
Ful of knyhthode and alle grace。
So woll I now this werk embrace 90
With hol trust and with hol believe；
God grante I mot it wel achieve。
If I schal drawe in to my mynde
The tyme passed； thanne I fynde
The world stod thanne in al his welthe：
Tho was the lif of man in helthe；
Tho was plente； tho was richesse；
Tho was the fortune of prouesse；
Tho was knyhthode in pris be name；
Wherof the wyde worldes fame 100
Write in Cronique is yit withholde；
Justice of lawe tho was holde；
The privilege of regalie
Was sauf； and al the baronie
Worschiped was in his astat；
The citees knewen no debat；
The poeple stod in obeissance
Under the reule of governance；
And pes； which ryhtwisnesse keste；
With charite tho stod in reste： 110
Of mannes herte the corage
Was schewed thanne in the visage；
The word was lich to the conceite
Withoute semblant of deceite：
Tho was ther unenvied love；
Tho was the vertu sett above
And vice was put under fote。
Now stant the crop under the rote；
The world is changed overal；
And therof most in special 120
That love is falle into discord。
And that I take to record
Of every lond for his partie
The comun vois； which mai noght lie；
Noght upon on； bot upon alle
It is that men now clepe and calle；
And sein the regnes ben divided；
In stede of love is hate guided；
The werre wol no pes purchace；
And lawe hath take hire double face； 130
So that justice out of the weie
With ryhtwisnesse is gon aweie：
And thus to loke on every halve；
Men sen the sor withoute salve；
Which al the world hath overtake。
Ther is no regne of alle outtake；
For every climat hath his diel
After the tornynge of the whiel；
Which blinde fortune overthroweth；
Wherof the certain noman knoweth： 140
The hevene wot what is to done；
Bot we that duelle under the mone
Stonde in this world upon a weer；
And namely bot the pouer
Of hem that ben the worldes guides
With good consail on alle sides
Be kept upriht in such a wyse；
That hate breke noght thassise
Of love； which is al the chief
To kepe a regne out of meschief。 150
For alle resoun wolde this；
That unto him which the heved is
The membres buxom scholden bowe；
And he scholde ek her trowthe allowe；
With al his herte and make hem chiere；
For good consail is good to hiere。
Althogh a man be wys himselve；
Yit is the wisdom more of tuelve；
And if thei stoden bothe in on；
To hope it were thanne anon 160
That god his grace wolde sende
To make of thilke werre an ende；
Which every day now groweth newe：
And that is gretly forto rewe
In special for Cristes sake；
Which wolde his oghne lif forsake
Among the men to yeve pes。
But now men tellen natheles
That love is fro the world departed；
So stant the pes unevene parted 170
With hem that liven now adaies。
Bot forto loke at alle assaies；
To him that wolde resoun seche
After the comun worldes speche
It is to wondre of thilke werre；
In which non wot who hath the werre；
For every lond himself deceyveth
And of desese his part receyveth；
And yet ne take men no kepe。
Bot thilke lord which al may kepe； 180
To whom no consail may ben hid；
Upon the world which is betid；
Amende that wherof men pleigne
With trewe hertes and with pleine；
And reconcile love ayeyn；
As he which is king sovereign
Of al the worldes governaunce；
And of his hyhe porveaunce
Afferme pes betwen the londes
And take her cause into hise hondes； 190
So that the world may stonde apppesed
And his godhede also be plesed。
To thenke upon the daies olde；
The lif of clerkes to beholde；
Men sein how that thei weren tho
Ensample and reule of alle tho
Whiche of wisdom the vertu soughten。
Unto the god ferst thei besoughten
As to the substaunce of her Scole；
That thei ne scholden noght befole 200
Her wit upon none erthly werkes；
Which were ayein thestat of clerkes；
And that thei myhten fle the vice
Which Simon hath in his office；
Wherof he takth the gold in honde。
For thilke tyme I understonde
The Lumbard made non eschange
The bisschopriches forto change；
Ne yet a lettre for to sende
For dignite ne for Provende； 210
Or cured or withoute cure。
The cherche keye in aventure
Of armes and of brygantaille
Stod nothing thanne upon bataille；
To fyhte or for to make cheste
It thoghte hem thanne noght honeste；
Bot of simplesce and pacience
Thei maden thanne no defence：
The Court of worldly regalie
To hem was thanne no baillie； 220
The vein honour was noght desired；
Which hath the proude herte fyred；
Humilite was tho withholde；
And Pride was a vice holde。
Of holy cherche the largesse
Yaf thanne and dede gret almesse
To povere men that hadden nede：
Thei were ek chaste in word and dede；
Wherof the poeple ensample tok；
Her lust was al upon the bok； 230
Or forto preche or forto preie；
To wisse men the ryhte weie
Of suche as stode of trowthe unliered。
Lo； thus was Petres barge stiered
Of hem that thilke tyme were；
And thus cam ferst to mannes Ere
The feith