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＇Applause from the galleries。＇ If citizens who are zealous enough to
make war on abuses are sent back to their departments we shall never
have denunciations〃 ＇The applause is renewed。＇ … Ibid。； X； 504
（session of Nov。 29）。 Speech by Isnard： 〃Our ministers must know that
we are not fully satisfied with the conduct of each of them ＇repeated
applause＇； that henceforth they must simply choose between public
gratitude and the vengeance of the law； and that our understanding of
the word responsibility is death。〃 ＇The applause is renewed。＇ The
Assembly orders this speech to be printed and sent into the
departments。 … Cf。 XII； 73； 138； etc。
＇7＇ Moniteur； XI。 603。 （Session of March 10。 Speech by Brissot； to
secure a decree of accusation against M。 Delessart； Minister of
Foreign Affairs。） M。 Delessart is a 〃perfidious man；〃 for having
stated in a dispatch that 〃the Constitution； with the great majority
of the nation； has become a sort of religion which is embraced with
the greatest enthusiasm。〃 Brissot denounces these two expressions as
inadequate and anti…patriotic。…Ibid。； XII。 438 （session of May 20）。
Speech by Guadet： 〃Larivière； the juge…de…paix； has convicted himself
of the basest and most atrocious of passions； in having desired to
usurp the power which the Constitution has placed in the hands of the
National Assembly。〃 I do not believe that Laubardemont himself
could have composed anything equal to these two speeches。 Cf。 XII。
462 （session of May 23）。 Speech by Brissot and one by Gonsonné on the
Austrian committee。 The feebleness and absurdity of their argument is
incredible。
＇8＇ Affairs of the Minister Duport…Dutertre and of the Ambassador to
Vienna； M。 de Noailles。
＇9＇ Mercure de France； March 10； 1792。
＇10＇ Moniteur； XI。 607 （session of March 10）。
＇11＇ Moniteur； XII 。396 （session of May 15）。 Isnard's address is the
ground…plan of Roland's famous letter。 Cf。 passim； the sessions of
the Assembly during the Girondist ministry； especially those of May 19
and 20； June 5； etc。
＇12＇ Dumouriez； 〃Mémoires；〃 book III。 ch。 VI。
＇13＇ 〃Letter of a young mechanician；〃 proposing to make a
constitutional king； which； 〃by means of a spring； would receive from
the hands of the president of the Assembly a list of ministers
designated by the majority〃 （1791）。
＇14＇ Servan； who was Girondist minister of war； proposed to let 20 000
fédérés or provincial National guards establish themselves outside
Paris。 （SR）。
＇15＇ You will meet this sinister expression later on when the
Government ceased killing in France but simply sent undesirables and
imaginary or real opponents overseas to death…camps。 Transportation
was used by Stalin and Hitler only their extermination took place in
their own countries not overseas。 （SR）。
＇16＇ Moniteur； XI。 426 （session of May 19）。 Speech by Lasource： 〃Could
not things be so arranged as to have a considerable force near enough
to the capital to terrify and keep inactive the factions； the
intriguers； the traitors who are plotting perfidious plans in its
bosom； simultaneously with the maneuvers of outside enemies？〃
＇17＇ 'Mallet du Pan； 〃Mémoires。〃 I。 303。 Letter of Malouet； June 29：
〃The king is calm and perfectly resigned。 On the 19th he wrote to his
confessor： 〃Come； sir； never have I had so much need of your
consolations。 I am done with men； I must now turn my eyes to heaven。
Sad events are announced for to…morrow。 I shall have courage。' 〃
〃Lettres de Coray au Protopsalte de Smyrne〃 （translated by M。 de Queux
de Saint…Hilaire；） 145； May 1st： 〃The court is in peril every moment。
Do not be surprised if I write you some day that his unhappy king and
his wife are assassinated。〃。〃
＇18＇ Rétif de la Bretonne； 〃Nuits de Paris；〃 VoL XVI。 （analyzed by
Lacroix in 〃Bibliothèque de Rétif de la Bretonne〃 ）。 Rétif is the
man in Paris who lived the most in the streets and had the most
intercourse with the low class。
＇19＇ 〃Archives Nationales；〃 F7； 3276。 Letter from the Directory of
Clamecy； March 27； and official report of the civil commissioners；
March 31； 1792； on the riot of the raftsmen。 Tracu； their captain；
armed with a cudgel ten feet long； compelled peaceful people to march
along with him； threatening to knock them down； he tried to get the
head of Peynier； the clerk of the Paris dealers in wood。 〃I shall have
a good supper to…night；〃 he exclaimed 〃（or the head of that bastard
Peynier is a fat one； and I'll stick it in my Pot！〃
＇20＇ Letters of Coray； 126。 〃This pillaging has lasted three days；
Jan。 22； 23 and 24； and we expect from hour to hour similar riots
still more terrible。〃
＇21＇ Mercier （〃 Tableau de Paris〃） had already noticed before the
Revolution this habit of the Parisian workman； especially among the
lowest class of workmen。
＇22＇ Mortimer…Ternaux； 1。346 （letter of June 21； 1792）。
＇23＇ Buchez et Roux； VIII。 25 （session of the National Assembly；
Nov。10； 1790）。 Petition presented by Danton in the name of the forty…
eight sections of Paris。
＇24＇ Buchez et Roux； XIV。 268 （May。 1792）。 Article by Robespierre
against the fête decreed in honor of Simonneau； Mayor of Etampes；
assassinated in a riot： 〃Simonneau was guilty before he became a
victim。〃
＇25＇ How can one forget that great seducer of the masses Hitler？ In
his book 〃Hitler Speaks〃 page 208 Rauschning reports Hitler as saying：
〃It is true that the masses are uncritical； but not in the way these
idiots of Marxists and reactionaries imagine。 The masses have their
critical faculties； too； but they function differently from those of
the private individual。 The masses are like an animal they obeys
instincts。 They do not reach conclusions by reasoning。 My success in
initiating the greatest people's movement of all time is due to my
never having done anything in violation of the vital laws and feelings
of the mass。 These feelings may be primitive； but they have the
resistance and indestructibility of natural qualities。 A once
intensely felt experience in the life of the masses； like ration cards
and inflation； will never again be driven out of their blood。 The
masses have a simple system of thinking and feeling； and anything that
cannot be fitted into it disturbs them。 It is only because I take
their vital laws into consideration that I can rule them。〃
＇26＇ Moniteur； XII。 254。 … According to the royal almanac of 1792
the Paris national guard comprises 32；000 men； divided into sixty
battalions； to which must be added the battalions of pikemen；
spontaneously organized and composed； especially of the non…active
citizens。 … Cf。 in 〃Les Révolutions de Paris；〃 Prudhomme's Journal；
the engravings which represent this sort of procession。
＇27＇ Buchez et Roux； XV。 122。 Declaration of Lareynie； a volunteer
soldier in the Ile Saint…Louis battalion。 To those which he names I
add Huguenin； because on the 20th of June it was his duty to read the
petition of the rioters； also Saint…Huruge； because he led the mob
with Santerre。 About Rossignol； Cf。 Dauban； 〃La Demagogie à Paris；〃
369 （according to the manuscript memoirs of Mercier du Rocher）。 He
reaches Fontenay Aug。21； 1793； with the representative Bourbotte；
Momoro； commissary…general； three adjutants； Moulins； Hasard； the ex…
priest； Grammont； an ex…actor and several prostitutes。 〃The prettiest
shared her bed with Bourbotte and Rossignol。〃 They lodge in a mansion
to which seals are affixed。 〃The seals were broken； and jewelry；
dresses； and female apparel were confiscated for the benefit of the
general and his followers。 There was nothing； even down to the
crockery； which did not become the booty of these self…styled
republicans〃
＇28＇ Mathon de la Varenne； 〃Histoire particulière des événements qui
ont eu lieu en juin； juillet； ao？t； et septembre； 1792；〃 p。 23。 （He
knew Saint…Huruge personally。） Saint…Huruge had married an actress at
Lyons in 1778。 On returning to