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new abode； by all their prejudices； yet such had been the influence of new circumstances； of consulting for their own happiness； of adopting simple forms of government； and excluding nobles and kings from their system； that they enjoyed a degree of happiness far superior to their parent state。
To conquer the prejudices and change the habits of millions； are impossible。 The human mind； exposed to social influences； inflexibly adheres to the direction that is given to it； but for the same reason why men； who begin in error will continue； those who commence in truth； may be expected to persist。 Habit and example will operate with equal force in both instances。
Let a few； sufficiently enlightened and disinterested； take up their abode in some unvisited region。 Let their social scheme be founded in equity； and how small soever their original number may be； their growth into a nation is inevitable。 Among other effects of national justice； was to be ranked the swift increase of numbers。 Exempt from servile obligations and perverse habits； endowed with property； wisdom； and health。 Hundreds will expand； with inconceivable rapidity into thousands and thousands； into millions； and a new race； tutored in truth； may； in a few centuries； overflow the habitable world。
Such were the visions of youth！ I could not banish them from my mind。 I knew them to be crude； but believed that deliberation would bestow upon them solidity and shape。 Meanwhile I imparted them to Ludloe。
Chapter VI。
In answer to the reveries and speculations which I sent to him respecting this subject； Ludloe informed me； that they had led his mind into a new sphere of meditation。 He had long and deeply considered in what way he might essentially promote my happiness。 He had entertained a faint hope that I would one day be qualified for a station like that to which he himself had been advanced。 This post required an elevation and stability of views which human beings seldom reach； and which could be attained by me only by a long series of heroic labours。 Hitherto every new stage in my intellectual progress had added vigour to his hopes； and he cherished a stronger belief than formerly that my career would terminate auspiciously。 This； however； was necessarily distant。 Many preliminaries must first be settled； many arduous accomplishments be first obtained； and my virtue be subjected to severe trials。 At present it was not in his power to be more explicit； but if my reflections suggested no better plan； he advised me to settle my affairs in Spain； and return to him immediately。 My knowledge of this country would be of the highest use； on the supposition of my ultimately arriving at the honours to which he had alluded； and some of these preparatory measures could be taken only with his assistance； and in his company。
This intimation was eagerly obeyed； and； in a short time； I arrived at Dublin。 Meanwhile my mind had copious occupation in commenting on my friend's letter。 This scheme； whatever it was； seemed to be suggested by my mention of a plan of colonization； and my preference of that mode of producing extensive and permanent effects on the condition of mankind。 It was easy therefore to conjecture that this mode had been pursued under some mysterious modifications and conditions。
It had always excited my wonder that so obvious an expedient had been overlooked。 The globe which we inhabit was very imperfectly known。 The regions and nations unexplored； it was reasonable to believe； surpassed in extent； and perhaps in populousness； those with which we were familiar。 The order of Jesuits had furnished an example of all the errors and excellencies of such a scheme。 Their plan was founded on erroneous notions of religion and policy； and they had absurdly chosen a scene* within reach of the injustice and ambition of an European tyrant。
It was wise and easy to profit by their example。 Resting on the two props of fidelity and zeal； an association might exist for ages in the heart of Europe； whose influence might be felt； and might be boundless； in some region of the southern hemisphere； and by whom a moral and political structure might be raised； the growth of pure wisdom； and totally unlike those fragments of Roman and Gothic barbarism； which cover the face of what are called the civilized nations。 The belief now rose in my mind that some such scheme had actually been prosecuted； and that Ludloe was a coadjutor。 On this supposition； the caution with which he approached to his point； the arduous probation which a candidate for a part on this stage must undergo； and the rigours of that test by which his fortitude and virtue must be tried； were easily explained。 I was too deeply imbued with veneration for the effects of such schemes； and too sanguine in my confidence in the rectitude of Ludloe； to refuse my concurrence in any scheme by which my qualifications might at length be raised to a due point。
Our interview was frank and affectionate。 I found him situated just as formerly。 His aspect； manners； and deportment were the same。 I entered once more on my former mode of life； but our intercourse became more frequent。 We constantly breakfasted together； and our conversation was usually prolonged through half the morning。
For a time our topics were general。 I thought proper to leave to him the introduction of more interesting themes： this； however； he betrayed no inclination to do。 His reserve excited some surprise； and I began to suspect that whatever design he had formed with regard to me； had been laid aside。 To ascertain this question； I ventured； at length； to recall his attention to the subject of his last letter； and to enquire whether subsequent reflection had made any change in his views。
He said that his views were too momentous to be hastily taken up； or hastily dismissed； the station； my attainment of which depended wholly on myself； was high above vulgar heads； and was to be gained by years of solicitude and labour。 This； at least； was true with regard to minds ordinarily constituted； I； perhaps； deserved to be regarded as an exception； and might be able to accomplish in a few months that for which others were obliged to toil during half their lives。
Man； continued he； is the slave of habit。 Convince him to…day that his duty leads straight forward： he shall advance； but at every step his belief shall fade； habit will resume its empire； and tomorrow he shall turn back； or betake himself to oblique paths。
We know not our strength till it be tried。 Virtue； till confirmed by habit； is a dream。 You are a man imbued by errors； and vincible by slight temptations。 Deep enquiries must bestow light on your opinions； and the habit of encountering and vanquishing temptation must inspire you with fortitude。 Till this be done； you are unqualified for that post； in which you will be invested with divine attributes； and prescribe the condition of a large portion of mankind。
Confide not in the firmness of your principles； or the stedfastness of your integrity。 Be always vigilant and fearful。 Never think you have enough of knowledge； and let not your caution slumber for a moment； for you know not when danger is near。
I acknowledged the justice of his admonitions； and professed myself willing to undergo any ordeal which reason should prescribe。 What； I asked； were the conditions； on the fulfilment of which depended my advancement to the station he alluded to？ Was it necessary to conceal from me the nature and obligations of this rank？
These enquiries sunk him more profoundly into meditation than I had ever before witnessed。 After a pause； in which some perplexity was visible； he answered：
I scarcely know what to say。 As to promises； I claim them not from you。 We are now arrived at a point； in which it is necessary to look around with caution； and that consequences should be fully known。 A number of persons are leagued together for an end of some moment。 To make yourself one of these is submitted to your choice。 Among the conditions of their alliance are mutual fidelity and secrecy。
Their existence depends upon this： their existence is known only to themselves。 This secrecy must be obtained by