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That essence to behold； wherein is seen
How God and our own nature were united。
There will be seen what we receive by faith；
Not demonstrated； but self…evident
In guise of the first truth that man believes。
I made reply： 〃Madonna； as devoutly
As most I can do I give thanks to Him
Who has removed me from the mortal world。
But tell me what the dusky spots may be
Upon this body； which below on earth
Make people tell that fabulous tale of Cain？〃
Somewhat she smiled； and then； 〃If the opinion
Of mortals be erroneous；〃 she said；
〃Where'er the key of sense doth not unlock；
Certes； the shafts of wonder should not pierce thee
Now； forasmuch as； following the senses；
Thou seest that the reason has short wings。
But tell me what thou think'st of it thyself。〃
And I： 〃What seems to us up here diverse；
Is caused； I think； by bodies rare and dense。〃
And she： 〃Right truly shalt thou see immersed
In error thy belief； if well thou hearest
The argument that I shall make against it。
Lights many the eighth sphere displays to you
Which in their quality and quantity
May noted be of aspects different。
If this were caused by rare and dense alone；
One only virtue would there be in all
Or more or less diffused； or equally。
Virtues diverse must be perforce the fruits
Of formal principles； and these； save one；
Of course would by thy reasoning be destroyed。
Besides； if rarity were of this dimness
The cause thou askest； either through and through
This planet thus attenuate were of matter；
Or else； as in a body is apportioned
The fat and lean； so in like manner this
Would in its volume interchange the leaves。
Were it the former； in the sun's eclipse
It would be manifest by the shining through
Of light； as through aught tenuous interfused。
This is not so； hence we must scan the other；
And if it chance the other I demolish；
Then falsified will thy opinion be。
But if this rarity go not through and through；
There needs must be a limit； beyond which
Its contrary prevents the further passing；
And thence the foreign radiance is reflected；
Even as a colour cometh back from glass；
The which behind itself concealeth lead。
Now thou wilt say the sunbeam shows itself
More dimly there than in the other parts；
By being there reflected farther back。
From this reply experiment will free thee
If e'er thou try it； which is wont to be
The fountain to the rivers of your arts。
Three mirrors shalt thou take； and two remove
Alike from thee； the other more remote
Between the former two shall meet thine eyes。
Turned towards these； cause that behind thy back
Be placed a light； illuming the three mirrors
And coming back to thee by all reflected。
Though in its quantity be not so ample
The image most remote； there shalt thou see
How it perforce is equally resplendent。
Now； as beneath the touches of warm rays
Naked the subject of the snow remains
Both of its former colour and its cold；
Thee thus remaining in thy intellect；
Will I inform with such a living light；
That it shall tremble in its aspect to thee。
Within the heaven of the divine repose
Revolves a body； in whose virtue lies
The being of whatever it contains。
The following heaven； that has so many eyes；
Divides this being by essences diverse；
Distinguished from it； and by it contained。
The other spheres； by various differences；
All the distinctions which they have within them
Dispose unto their ends and their effects。
Thus do these organs of the world proceed；
As thou perceivest now； from grade to grade；
Since from above they take； and act beneath。
Observe me well； how through this place I come
Unto the truth thou wishest； that hereafter
Thou mayst alone know how to keep the ford
The power and motion of the holy spheres；
As from the artisan the hammer's craft；
Forth from the blessed motors must proceed。
The heaven； which lights so manifold make fair；
From the Intelligence profound； which turns it；
The image takes； and makes of it a seal。
And even as the soul within your dust
Through members different and accommodated
To faculties diverse expands itself；
So likewise this Intelligence diffuses
Its virtue multiplied among the stars。
Itself revolving on its unity。
Virtue diverse doth a diverse alloyage
Make with the precious body that it quickens；
In which； as life in you； it is combined。
From the glad nature whence it is derived；
The mingled virtue through the body shines；
Even as gladness through the living pupil。
From this proceeds whate'er from light to light
Appeareth different； not from dense and rare：
This is the formal principle that produces；
According to its goodness； dark and bright。〃
Paradiso： Canto III
That Sun； which erst with love my bosom warmed；
Of beauteous truth had unto me discovered；
By proving and reproving； the sweet aspect。
And； that I might confess myself convinced
And confident； so far as was befitting；
I lifted more erect my head to speak。
But there appeared a vision； which withdrew me
So close to it； in order to be seen；
That my confession I remembered not。
Such as through polished and transparent glass；
Or waters crystalline and undisturbed；
But not so deep as that their bed be lost；
Come back again the outlines of our faces
So feeble； that a pearl on forehead white
Comes not less speedily unto our eyes；
Such saw I many faces prompt to speak；
So that I ran in error opposite
To that which kindled love 'twixt man and fountain。
As soon as I became aware of them；
Esteeming them as mirrored semblances；
To see of whom they were； mine eyes I turned；
And nothing saw； and once more turned them forward
Direct into the light of my sweet Guide；
Who smiling kindled in her holy eyes。
〃Marvel thou not；〃 she said to me； 〃because
I smile at this thy puerile conceit；
Since on the truth it trusts not yet its foot；
But turns thee； as 'tis wont； on emptiness。
True substances are these which thou beholdest；
Here relegate for breaking of some vow。
Therefore speak with them； listen and believe；
For the true light； which giveth peace to them；
Permits them not to turn from it their feet。〃
And I unto the shade that seemed most wishful
To speak directed me； and I began；
As one whom too great eagerness bewilders：
〃O well…created spirit； who in the rays
Of life eternal dost the sweetness taste
Which being untasted ne'er is comprehended；
Grateful 'twill be to me； if thou content me
Both with thy name and with your destiny。〃
Whereat she promptly and with laughing eyes：
〃Our charity doth never shut the doors
Against a just desire； except as one
Who wills that all her court be like herself。
I was a virgin sister in the world；
And if thy mind doth contemplate me well；
The being more fair will not conceal me from thee；
But thou shalt recognise I am Piccarda；
Who； stationed here among these other blessed；
Myself am blessed in the slowest sphere。
All our affections； that alone inflamed
Are in the pleasure of the Holy Ghost；
Rejoice at being of his order formed；
And this allotment； which appears so low；
Therefore is given us； because our vows
Have been neglected and in some part void。〃
Whence I to her： 〃In your miraculous aspects
There shines I know not what of the divine；
Which doth transform you from our first conceptions。
Therefore I was not swift in my remembrance；
But what thou tellest me now aids me so；
That the refiguring is easier to me。
But tell me； ye who in this place are happy；
Are you desirous of a higher place；
To see more or to make yourselves more friends？〃
First with those other shades she smiled a little；
Thereafter answered me so full of gladness；
She seemed to burn in the first fire of love：
〃Brother； our will is quieted by virtue
Of charity； that makes us wish alone
For what we have； nor gives us thirst for more。
If to be more exalted we aspired；
Discordant would our aspirations be
Unt