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y owner of a cattle ranch。
Stanton's Boats Travel Through the Whole Canyon System。 In November of the same year； however； Robert Brewster Stanton； Brown's engineer； observing precautions that Brown had so unfortunately neglected； prepared to continue the exploration。 He had his boats hauled on wagons to the mouth of Crescent Creek near Fremont River； to avoid a repetition of the experiences in Cataract Canyon； and a good start was made。 The party ate Christmas dinner at Lee's Ferry； and a few days later； slightly below where Brown lost his life； the photographer of the expedition fell from a ledge and broke his leg。 With incredible labor； the unfortunate man was got out of the Canyon； four miles in distance and seventeen hundred feet in altitude； on an improvised stretcher； and then taken in a wagon which Stanton had fetched from Lee's Ferry。 The party then went on； entered the Grand Canyon； and reached Diamond Creek March 1； where they remained ten days recuperating。 The last dash was then made in safety。 The boats left the Canyon March 17； 1890； and proceeded easily and gently； until on the twenty…sixth of April tide…water was reached at the mouth of the river on the Gulf of California。
Galloway Repeats Stanton's Exploit。 On January 12； 1897； N。 Galloway； a Mormon trapper； who for years had operated on the Canyons of the Green River； determined to emulate Powell and Stanton。 He made two light boats of rude lumber； covered them fore and aft with canvas； got a companion； William Richmond； and on the day named left a point near the state line of Wyoming and Utah。 On the third of February they emerged from the Canyon。 As they reached the open country below the Grand Wash； they came upon the officers who had found the bodies of two men； killed by Mouse； a Paiuti Indian。 The officers requested the use of Galloway's boats to convey the bodies to the Needles。 This was acceded to； and on the seventeenth of February Needles was reached； the boats sold； and the Mormons returned to their homes。
Making Photographs of Soap Creek Rapids。 Later in the same year； I made the trip by wagon from Winslow； Arizona； over the Painted Desert to Lee's Ferry； and there； to my great delight； met Galloway。 He built a boat； and took me up Glen Canyon for a long distance； and down Marble Canyon to Soap Creek Rapids； where poor Brown was lost。 As I photographed the rapid； he offered to 〃run it〃 in his boat if I desired； saying that； with his light boat； there was no danger whatever。 I declined； however； on the ground that no photograph ever made could justify the risking of a man's life。 As recently as August； 1908； in coming to the Canyon by rail； I met at Kingman； Arizona； a deputy sheriff by name of Ayres； who was one of my party taken by Galloway up the Glen Canyon。
In the Fall of 1909； Mr。 Galloway accompanied an Eastern capitalist； Mr。 Julius Stone； of Columbus； Ohio； in boats of their own manufacture； through the Canyons； from Green River to Needles； California。 They had a delightful； though an arduous nine weeks trip。 Mr。 Stone secured the finest set of photographs of the Canyons as a whole that ever have been made。
In another chapter； entitled 〃The Story of a Boat；〃 the interesting account of the successful trip of Russell； Monett and Loper is given。
CHAPTER XXVII。 Indian Legends About The Grand Canyon
Legendary lore is generally interesting。 It reveals the mental qualities of the people who make and believe it； and also shows how the child mind of the race acts。 For the aboriginal makers of legends are the child minds of the race in active operation。 There are many legends attaching to this great Canyon。 One is told by Major Powell in his 〃Explorations〃 as follows：
Legend of the River's Birth。 〃Long ago； there was a great and wise chief； who mourned the death of his wife and would not be comforted until Ta…vwoats； one of the Indian gods； came to him and told him she was in a happier land； and offered to take him there； that he might see for himself； if； upon his return； he would cease to mourn。 The great chief promised。 Then Ta…vwoats made a trail through the mountains that intervene between that beautiful land； the balmy region in the great west； and this； the desert home of the poor Numa。
〃This trail was the canyon gorge of the Colorado。 Through it he led him； and； when they had returned； the deity exacted from the chief a promise that he would tell no one of the joys of that land； lest； through discontent with the circumstances of this world； they should desire to go to heaven。 Then he rolled a river into the gorge； a broad； raging stream； that should engulf any that might attempt to enter thereby。
〃More than once I have been warned by the Indians not to enter this canyon。 They considered it disobedience to the gods； and contempt for their authority； and believed it would surely bring upon one their wrath。〃
Hopi Legend of Tiyo； their Cultus…Hero； and the Canyon。 One of the most interesting legends of the Hopi cultus…hero； Tiyo； relates to the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River； and is told by Dr。 J。 Walter Fewkes； the eminent authority on the ethnology of the Hopis。 It is a long story； but the chief portions of the narrative are as follows：
Origin of Antelope and Snake Clans。 〃Far down in the lowest depths of the Grand Canyon of the Colorado River （Pi…sis…bai…ya）； at the place where we used to gather salt； is the Shipapu； or orifice where we emerged from the underworld。 The Zunis； Kohoninos； Paiutes； white men； and all people came up from 'the below' at that place。 Some of our people traveled to the North； but the cold drove them back； and after many days they returned。 The mothers； carrying their children on their backs； went out to gather seeds for food； and they plucked the prickly pears and gave it to their children to still their cries； and these have ever since been called the Prickly Pear People。
〃'Morning Dove' flew overhead； spying out the springs and calling us to come； and those who followed him； and built their houses at the waters he found； are still called after him the Hu…wi…nya…muh； or Morning Dove People。 All that region belonged to the Puma； Antelope； Deer and other Horn people； and To…hi…a （puma） led my people； the Tohi…nyn…muh； to To…ko…na…bi （Navaho Mountain）； and the Sand people and the Horn people also dwelt in the same region。
〃We built many houses at To…ko…na…bi； and lived there many days； but the springs were small； the clouds were thin； rain came seldom； and our corn was weak。 The Ki…mon…wi （village chief） of the To…hi…nyn…muh had two sons and two daughters； and his eldest son was known by the name of Tiyo （the youth）。 He seemed to be always melancholy and thoughtful； and was wont to haunt the edge of the cliffs。 All day he would sit there； gazing down into the deep gorge （of the Grand Canyon）； and wondering where the ever…flowing water went； and where it finally found rest。 He often discussed this question with his father； saying； 'It must flow down some great pit； into the underworld； for after all these years the gorge below never fills up； and none of the water ever flows back again。' His father would say； 'Maybe it flows so far away that many old men's lives would be too short to mark its return。' Tiyo said； 'I am constrained to go and solve this mystery； and I can rest no more till I make the venture。' His family besought him with tears to forego his project； but nothing could shake his determination； and he won them to give their sorrowful consent。
〃The father said； 'It is impossible for you to follow the river on foot； hence you must look for a hollow cottonwood…tree； and I will help you make a wi…na…ci…buh （timber box） in which you may float upon the water。' Tiyo found a dry cottonwood…tree； which they felled； and cut off as long as his body； and it was as large around as they both could encompass with their outstretched arms。 They gouged and burned out all of the inside； leaving only a thin shell of dry wood like a large drum； small branches and twigs were fitted in the ends to close them； and the interstices were pitched with pinion gum。 All this work was done with the stone axe and the live ember。
〃The father then announced that in four days Tiyo should set fort