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passed through many perils and hardships； and had been in a state of
anxious apprehension for many days together； and now suddenly arriving
at this shore； and seeing those （well…known） vegetables； the lei and
kwoh；＇9＇ they knew indeed that it was the land of Han。 Not seeing；
however； any inhabitants nor any traces of them； they did not know
whereabouts they were。 Some said that they had not yet got to Kwang…
chow； and others that they had passed it。 Unable to come to a definite
conclusion； （some of them） got into a small boat and entered a creek； to
look for some one of whom they might ask what the place was。 They
found two hunters； whom they brought back with them； and then called on
Fa…hien to act as interpreter and question them。 Fa…hien first spoke
assuringly to them； and then slowly and distinctly asked them； 〃Who are
you？〃 They replied； 〃We are disciples of Buddha？〃 He then asked； 〃What
are you looking for among these hills？〃 They began to lie；＇10＇ and said；
〃To…morrow is the fifteenth day of the seventh month。 We wanted to get
some peaches to present＇11＇ to Buddha。〃 He asked further； 〃What country
is this？〃 They replied； 〃This is the border of the prefecture of Ch'ang…
kwang； a part of Ts'ing…chow under the （ruling） House of Tsin。〃 When they
heard this； the merchants were glad； immediately asked for （a portion of）
their money and goods； and sent men to Ch'ang…kwang city。
The prefect Le E was a reverent believer in the Law of Buddha。 When
he heard that a Sramana had arrived in a ship across the sea； bringing with
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him books and images； he immediately came to the seashore with an
escort to meet （the traveller）； and receive the books and images； and took
them back with him to the seat of his government。 On this the merchants
went back in the direction of Yang…chow；＇12＇ （but） when （Fa…hien） arrived
at Ts'ing…chow； （the prefect there）＇13＇ begged him （to remain with him）
for a winter and a summer。 After the summer retreat was ended； Fa…hien；
having been separated for a long time from his （fellow…）masters； wished to
hurry to Ch'ang…gan； but as the business which he had in hand was
important； he went south to the Capital；＇14＇ and at an interview with the
masters （there） exhibited the Sutras and the collection of the Vinaya
（which he had procured）。
After Fa…hien set out from Ch'ang…gan； it took him six years to reach
Central India；＇15＇ stoppages there extended over （other） six years； and on
his return it took him three years to reach Ts'ing…chow。 The countries
through which he passed were a few under thirty。 From the sandy desert
westwards on to India； the beauty of the dignified demeanour of the
monkhood and of the transforming influence of the Law was beyond the
power of language fully to describe； and reflecting how our masters had
not heard any complete account of them； he therefore （went on） without
regarding his own poor life； or （the dangers to be encountered） on the sea
upon his return； thus incurring hardships and difficulties in a double form。
He was fortunate enough； through the dread power of the three Honoured
Ones；＇15＇ to receive help and protection in his perils； and therefore he
wrote out an account of his experiences； that worthy readers might share
with him in what he had heard and said。＇15＇
It was in the year Keah…yin；＇16＇ the twelfth year of the period E…he of
the （Eastern） Tsin dynasty； the year…star being in Virgo…Libra； in the
summer； at the close of the period of retreat； that I met the devotee Fa…hien。
On his arrival I lodged him with myself in the winter study；＇17＇ and there；
in our meetings for conversation； I asked him again and again about his
travels。 The man was modest and complaisant； and answered readily
according to the truth。 I thereupon advised him to enter into details where
he had at first only given a summary； and he proceeded to relate all things
in order from the beginning to the end。 He said himself； 〃When I look
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back on what I have gone through； my heart is involuntarily moved； and
the perspiration flows forth。 That I encountered danger and trod the most
perilous places； without thinking of or sparing myself； was because I had a
definite aim； and thought of nothing but to do my best in my simplicity
and straightforwardness。 Thus it was that I exposed my life where death
seemed inevitable； if I might accomplish but a ten…thousandth part of what
I hoped。〃 These words affected me in turn； and I thought：〃This man is
one of those who have seldom been seen from ancient times to the present。
Since the Great Doctrine flowed on to the East there has been no one to be
compared with Hien in his forgetfulness of self and search for the Law。
Henceforth I know that the influence of sincerity finds no obstacle；
however great； which it does not overcome； and that force of will does not
fail to accomplish whatever service it undertakes。 Does not the
accomplishing of such service arise from forgetting （and disregarding）
what is （generally） considered as important； and attaching importance to
what is （generally） forgotten？
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NOTES
＇1＇ No。 1122 in Nanjio's Catalogue； translated into Chinese by
Buddhajiva and a Chinese Sramana about A。D。 425。 Mahisasakah means
〃the school of the transformed earth；〃 or 〃the sphere within which the Law
of Buddha is influential。〃 The school is one of the subdivisions of the
Sarvastivadah。
＇2＇ Nanjio's 545 and 504。 The Agamas are Sutras of the hinayana；
divided； according to Eitel； pp。 4； 5； into four classes； the first or
Dirghagamas （long Agamas） being treatises on right conduct； while the
third class contains the Samyuktagamas （mixed Agamas）。
＇3＇ Meaning 〃Miscellaneous Collections；〃 a sort of fourth Pitaka。 See
Nanjio's fourth division of the Canon； containing Indian and Chinese
miscellaneous works。 But Dr。 Davids says that no work of this name is
known either in Sanskrit or Pali literature。
＇4＇ We have in the text a phonetisation of the Sanskrit Kundika； which
is explained in Eitel by the two characters that follow； as=〃washing basin；〃
but two things evidently are intended。
＇5＇ See chap。 xvi； note 23。
＇6＇ At his novitiate Fa…hien had sought the refuge of the 〃three
Precious Ones〃 （the three Refuges ｛。｝ ｛。｝ of last chapter）； of which the
congregation or body of the monks was one； and here his thoughts turn
naturally to the branch of it in China。 His words in his heart were not
exactly words of prayer； but very nearly so。
＇7＇ In the text ｛。｝ ｛。｝； ta…fung； 〃the great wind；〃=the typhoon。
＇8＇ They had got to the south of the Shan…tung promontory； and the
foot of mount Lao； which still rises under the sa